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10. Group 2
A section of Chemistry, 9701
Listing 10 of 275 questions
Describe and explain the variation in the thermal stabilities of the carbonates of the Group2 elements. Suggest and explain a reason why sodium carbonate is more stable to heat than magnesiumcarbonate. Sodium hydrogencarbonate, NaHCO3, and potassium hydrogencarbonate, KHCO3, decompose on heating to produce gases and the solid metal carbonate. Write an equation for the decomposition of KHCO3. Predict which of NaHCO3 or KHCO3 will decompose at the lower temperature. Explain your answer. Use the data in the table below, and relevant data from the Data Booklet, to calculate the lattice energy, , of potassium oxide, K2O. energy change value / kJ mol–1 enthalpy change of atomisation of potassium, K+89 electron affinity of O–141 electron affinity of O–+798 enthalpy change of formation of potassium oxide, K2O–361 = kJ mol–1 State whether the lattice energy of Na2O would be more negative, less negative or the same as that of K2O. Give reasons for your answer.
9701_s17_qp_42
THEORY
2017
Paper 4, Variant 2
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The carbonates and hydroxides of Group2 elements show similar trends in thermal stability. Suggest and explain the variation in the trend in the thermal stability of the Group2 hydroxides. Calciumhydroxide is slightly soluble in water. Write an equation to show the dissociation of calciumhydroxide, Ca(OH)2, in aqueous solution. Include state symbols. ��������������������������������������������������������������� Calculate the solubility, in mol dm–3, of Ca(OH)2. [Ksp: Ca(OH)2, 5.02 × 10–6 mol3 dm–9]  solubility = mol dm–3 Suggest how the solubility of Ca(OH)2 in aqueous NaOH compares to its solubility in water. Explain your reasoning. 
9701_s21_qp_41
THEORY
2021
Paper 4, Variant 1
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The carbonates and hydroxides of Group2 elements show similar trends in thermal stability. Suggest and explain the variation in the trend in the thermal stability of the Group2 hydroxides. Calciumhydroxide is slightly soluble in water. Write an equation to show the dissociation of calciumhydroxide, Ca(OH)2, in aqueous solution. Include state symbols. ��������������������������������������������������������������� Calculate the solubility, in mol dm–3, of Ca(OH)2. [Ksp: Ca(OH)2, 5.02 × 10–6 mol3 dm–9]  solubility = mol dm–3 Suggest how the solubility of Ca(OH)2 in aqueous NaOH compares to its solubility in water. Explain your reasoning. 
9701_s21_qp_43
THEORY
2021
Paper 4, Variant 3
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Equal volumes of saturated solutions of magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and strontium hydroxide are completely neutralised with dilute sulfuric acid. The water is gently evaporated from each of the resulting solutions, leaving the corresponding solid sulfates. These solid sulfates are completely dissolved in the minimum volume of water needed to produce saturated solutions. Which statement about the volumes of water needed to dissolve the sulfates is correct?
9701_s23_qp_13
MCQ
2023
Paper 1, Variant 3
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When copper(carbonate is heated strongly, it decomposes in a similar way to Group2 carbonates. Predict what would be observed when anhydrous copper(carbonate is heated. Describe and explain how the thermal stability of the Group 2 carbonates varies down the group. Calcium cyanamide, CaCN2, can be used as a fertiliser. Complete the ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram for the cyanamide ion, CN2 2–. Use the following key for the electrons. • electrons from carbon × electrons from nitrogen □ added electronresponsible for the overall negative charge N C N 2– CaCN2 decomposes readily on contact with water forming an insoluble white solid and ammonia only. Suggest an equation for this reaction.
9701_w16_qp_41
THEORY
2016
Paper 4, Variant 1
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When copper(carbonate is heated strongly, it decomposes in a similar way to Group2 carbonates. Predict what would be observed when anhydrous copper(carbonate is heated. Describe and explain how the thermal stability of the Group 2 carbonates varies down the group. Calcium cyanamide, CaCN2, can be used as a fertiliser. Complete the ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram for the cyanamide ion, CN2 2–. Use the following key for the electrons. • electrons from carbon × electrons from nitrogen □ added electronresponsible for the overall negative charge N C N 2– CaCN2 decomposes readily on contact with water forming an insoluble white solid and ammonia only. Suggest an equation for this reaction.
9701_w16_qp_43
THEORY
2016
Paper 4, Variant 3
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Questions Discovered
275