8.2. Effect of temperature on reaction rates and the concept of activation energy
A subsection of Chemistry, 9701, through 8. Reaction kinetics
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The rate of chemical reactions is affected by changes in temperature and pressure. Draw a curve on the axes to show the Boltzmann distribution of energy of particles in a sample of gaseous krypton atoms at a given temperature. Label the curve T1 and label the axes.  On the diagram in , draw a second curve to show the distribution of energies of the krypton atoms at a higher temperature. Label the second curve T2. The Boltzmann distribution assumes that the particles behave as an ideal gas. State two assumptions of the kinetic theory as applied to an ideal gas.  2.00 g of krypton gas, Kr, is placed in a sealed 5.00 dm3 container at 120 °C. Calculate the pressure, in Pa, of Krin the container. Assume Krbehaves as an ideal gas. Show your working.  pressure = Pa State and explain the conditions at which krypton behaves most like an ideal gas. Krypton reacts with fluorine in the presence of ultraviolet light to make krypton difluoride, KrF2. Kr+ F2→ KrF2activation energy for the reaction, Ea = +385 kJ mol–1 enthalpy change of formation of KrF2, ∆Hf = +60.2 kJ mol–1 Use this information to complete the reaction profile diagram for the formation of KrF2. Label Ea and ∆Hf on the diagram. Assume the reaction proceeds in one step. energy / kJ mol–1 progress of reaction reactants  Explain, in terms of activation energy, Ea, and the collision of particles, how an increase in temperature affects the rate of a chemical reaction. 
9701_m21_qp_22
THEORY
2021
Paper 2, Variant 2
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