16. Reproduction
A section of Biology, 0610
Listing 10 of 757 questions
shows a human sperm and egg. not drawn to scale The sperm and the egg have some similarities and some differences. Describe one similarity related to the function of these cells as gametes. Describe one difference between the sperm and the egg. State why this difference is important to the function of these cells. The sperm and egg can fuse to form another type of cell. This process is shown in . process X cell Y Write the name of the process X on the line provided. Write the name of the new type of cell Y on the line provided. Name the organ where human sperm are made. Describe the route by which sperm reach the egg. Certain types of nutrient are needed in especially large amounts during the development of a young human. Table 4.1 shows some nutrients which are particularly important at different stages of growth and development. The amounts are shown as ‘relative food units’ per kg of body mass. A high value for the ‘relative food unit’ means that a nutrient is especially important. Table 4.1 relative food units nutrient fetus young child (7–9 years) girl at puberty carbohydrate fat protein calcium iron Use Table 4.1 to identify which nutrient is required in the greatest amount at each stage of development. State one reason why each of these nutrients is important. Fetus: most important nutrient reason why nutrient important Young child (7–9 years): most important nutrient reason why nutrient important Girl at puberty: most important nutrient reason why nutrient important
0610_w13_qp_23
THEORY
2013
Paper 2, Variant 3
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shows the sex chromosomes in a fertilised human egg. egg fertilised egg XY sperm Complete the diagram to show the sex chromosomes in the sperm and the egg. State the biological name for a fertilised egg. The fertilised egg develops into a baby. Explain why there are approximately equal numbers of male and female babies in humans. Identical twins are formed when one sperm fertilises one egg, which then splits into two. Each of these then develops into an embryo. Compare the alleles present in a pair of identical twins. Tony and Edward are identical twins. Tony Edward Table 4.1 gives some information about some characteristics of Tony and Edward. Table 4.1 characteristic Tony Edward sex male male height / cm weight / kg skin colour pale tanned hair style short hair long hair blood group A A State the two characteristics from Table 4.1 that are only controlled by genetic information.
0610_w14_qp_21
THEORY
2014
Paper 2, Variant 1
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Questions Discovered
757