11. Organic chemistry
A section of Chemistry, 0620
Listing 10 of 1367 questions
The structure of compoundA is shown. O O C C H H C H C O H H H H C H On the structure of compoundA, draw a circle around the carboxylicacid functional group.  State the name of the carboxylicacid that has only two carbon atoms. Deduce the molecular formula of compoundA to show the number of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Explain, by referring to its structure, why compoundA is described as unsaturated. Ethene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Draw the structure of ethene to show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.  Ethene can be produced by cracking hydrocarbons. State the meaning of the term cracking. Give the conditions required for cracking.  Ethene can be polymerised. Complete these sentences about the polymerisation of ethene using words from the list. addition decomposition neutralisation polypolyreduction Terylene When ethene polymerises, it produces a molecule called . The type of reaction which occurs is .  Describe one pollution problem caused by non-biodegradable plastics. 
0620_m21_qp_32
THEORY
2021
Paper 3, Variant 2
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The table shows the names or structures of organic compounds P to U. P Q R H C H H C H H C H H H propanoic acid but-1-ene S T U propan-1-ol methyl butanoate C C H C H H H H H Give the letters of the organic compounds, P to U, that are unsaturated hydrocarbons. Describe the test for an unsaturated hydrocarbon. test observations  But-1-ene is an unbranched molecule. Name the unbranched isomer of but-1-ene. Draw the structure of a branched isomer of but-1-ene. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.  Dodecane is an alkane with 12 carbon atoms. Dodecane can be cracked. Write the formula of dodecane. Give the letters of all the organic compounds, P to U, that can be formed when dodecane is cracked. Name the reagent and suggest the conditions needed to convert organic compoundU into organic compoundS. reagent conditions  Organic compoundS can be converted to organic compoundQ by reaction with an acidified reagent. Name the type of chemical change that happens to organic compoundS. Name the acidified reagent added to organic compoundS. Organic compoundT is made by reacting two compounds together. Name the homologous series that organic compoundT belongs to. Name the two compounds which react together to make organic compoundT. Draw the structures of each compound you have named. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds. name structure name structure  Deduce the molecular formula of organic compoundT. 
0620_m21_qp_42
THEORY
2021
Paper 4, Variant 2
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The structure of lactic acid is shown. H O C H C H O O H H C H On the structure shown draw a circle around the carboxylic acid functional group. State the name of one other functional group found in lactic acid. Give the molecular formula of lactic acid showing the number of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Complete the structure of ethanol. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds. C C The table shows the properties of some alcohols. alcohol melting point / °C boiling point / °C volatility methanol –98 decreases ethanol –114 propanol –126 butanol –89 What is the meaning of the term volatility? Which alcohol in the table has the highest melting point? Predict the boiling point of ethanol. What is the state of propanol at 120 °C? Explain your answer. Complete this chemical equation for the incomplete combustion of methanol. CH3OH + CO + H2O Calculate the relative molecular mass of methanol, CH3OH. Show all your working. Use your Periodic Table to help you. relative molecular mass =
0620_s17_qp_32
THEORY
2017
Paper 3, Variant 2
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The table shows the structures of four hydrocarbons. P Q R S CH3–CH3 CH2=CH2 CH2=CH–CH3 CH2=CH–CH2–CH3 Why are compounds P, Q, R and S known as hydrocarbons? CompoundP is saturated. What is meant by the term saturated ? CompoundP undergoes a substitution reaction with chlorine. What is meant by the term substitution reaction? State a condition required for this reaction to occur. Write a chemical equation for this reaction. CompoundR undergoes an addition reaction with bromine. Why is this reaction an addition reaction? A compound containing bromine is formed in this reaction. Draw the structure of this compound. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.  To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series. Draw the structure of an unbranched isomer of compoundS. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds. Name this unbranched isomer of compoundS. structure name  CompoundQ undergoes polymerisation. Name the polymer formed. Complete the chemical equation to show the polymerisation of compoundQ. n CH2=CH2  Amino acids undergo polymerisation to form proteins. Part of a protein molecule with the linkages missing is shown. Draw the linkages on the diagram. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds. N H C O  The structure shows an ester. CH2 C O O CH2 CH3 CH2 CH3 Write the word equation for a reaction which could be used to make this ester. 
0620_s18_qp_41
THEORY
2018
Paper 4, Variant 1
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The structures of five alkenes, A, B, C, D and E, are shown. C C A H H H H C C B CH3 H H H C C C CH2CH3 H H H C C D CH2CH2CH3 H H H C C E CH2CH2CH2CH3 H H H What is the general formula of alkenes? What is the molecular formula of alkeneD? Predict which alkene, A, B, C, D or E, has the highest boiling point. Explain your answer. alkene explanation  Which alkene, A, B, C, D or E, diffuses most quickly? Explain your answer. alkene explanation  A student added aqueous bromine to alkeneC. C C C CH2CH3 H H H Describe the colour change seen and draw the structure of the product. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds. colour change from to structure  Two different alcohols can be produced from alkeneB by an addition reaction. C C B CH3 H H H Draw the structures of the two alcohols. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.  State the reagent and conditions needed to produce an alcohol from alkeneB. reagent conditions  AlkeneC can be converted into a polymer. C C C CH2CH3 H H H What type of polymerisation occurs? Suggest the name of the polymer formed. Complete the chemical equation to show this polymerisation. C C CH2CH3 H H H n  State the empirical formula of the polymer formed. 
0620_s19_qp_41
THEORY
2019
Paper 4, Variant 1
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Two hydrocarbons have the structures shown. C H H H H C H H C H hydrocarbon A hydrocarbon B C H C H H C H H H H H H H H H H C C C C Why are these two compounds hydrocarbons? HydrocarbonB reacts in the same way as a typical alkane. Describe a chemical test to tell the difference between hydrocarbonA and hydrocarbonB. State the name of the reagent you would use and the result you would obtain with hydrocarbonA and hydrocarbonB. reagent result with hydrocarbon A result with hydrocarbon B  Alkenes react with steam to form alcohols. CompoundC is an alcohol. C H H H H C H H C H H C H H O compound C Draw the structure of the alkene which could be reacted with steam to make compoundC. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.  Alkenes can form polymers. What type of polymerisation occurs when alkenes form polymers? Part of the structure of a polymer is shown. C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H C H C CH3 CH3 H C H C H C H Draw the structure of the alkene from which this polymer can be made. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.  Polymers can undergo incomplete combustion to form carbon monoxide. Complete the chemical equation for the incomplete combustion of poly. The only carbon‑containing product is carbon monoxide. n C H H C + O2 + 2n H2O H H  Part of the structure of a polyamide is shown. O C O C H N O C H N H N This polyamide is formed from identical monomers. Complete the diagram to show the structure of one monomer. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.  
0620_s19_qp_43
THEORY
2019
Paper 4, Variant 3
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