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11. Organic chemistry
A section of Chemistry, 0620
Listing 10 of 1367 questions
The alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. They form a homologous series, the members of which have the same chemical properties. They undergo addition reactions and are easily oxidised. The following hydrocarbons are isomers. CH3 CH3 CH2 CH CH CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH Explain why these two hydrocarbons are isomers. Give the structural formula of another hydrocarbon which is isomeric with the above. Give the structural formula and name of each of the products of the following addition reactions. ethene and bromine structural formula of product name of product propene and hydrogen structural formula of product name of product but-1-ene and water structural formula of product name of product Alkenes can be oxidised to carboxylic acids. For example, propene, CH3 – CH = CH2, would produce ethanoic acid, CH3 – COOH, and methanoic acid, H – COOH. Deduce the formulae of the alkenes which would form the following carboxylic acids when oxidised. ethanoic acid and propanoic acid only ethanoic acid Describe the colour change you would observe when an alkene is oxidised with acidifi ed potassium manganate(. Alkenes polymerise to form addition polymers. Draw the structural formula of poly, include at least two monomer units. The structural formula of the monomer, cyanoethene, is given below. C C H CN H H
0620_w13_qp_31
THEORY
2013
Paper 3, Variant 1
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When rubber is distilled, a chemical called isoprene is formed. The structure of isoprene is shown below. C C C H H H H H H H H C C Deduce the molecular formula of isoprene. Isoprene is an unsaturated compound. Describe a test for an unsaturated compound. test result Isoprene forms an addition polymer. What feature of the isoprene molecule is responsible for it forming an addition polymer? Give the name of another addition polymer. Isoprene does not conduct electricity. Explain why. State the names of two substances formed when isoprene undergoes incomplete combustion. and Isoprene can be prepared from 3-methylbutan-1-ol. To which group of compounds does 3-methylbutan-1-ol belong? Tick one box. alcohols alkanes alkenes carboxylic acids
0620_w15_qp_21
THEORY
2015
Paper 2, Variant 1
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Alkenes and carboxylicacids are both families of similar compounds with similar chemical properties. Alkenes and carboxylicacids have different reactions. State the term used for a ‘family’ of similar compounds. State the general formula of alkenes. The structure of but-2-ene is shown. H C H H C H C C H H H H But-2-ene reacts with aqueous bromine in an addition reaction. Describe the colour change seen when but-2-ene is added to aqueous bromine. from to State what is meant by the term addition reaction. Write the chemical equation for the reaction between but-2-ene and bromine. But-2-ene forms a polymer. Suggest the name of the polymer formed from but-2-ene. Name and draw a structural isomer of but-2-ene. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds. name structure  Butanoic acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, is a carboxylicacid. Deduce the empirical formula of butanoicacid. Complete the chemical equation for the reaction of butanoicacid and sodiumcarbonate, Na2CO3. 2CH3CH2CH2COOH + Na2CO3 → + +  Butanoicacid reacts with methanol to form an organic compound and water. ● Name the organic compound formed. ● Draw the structure of the organic compound formed. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.  
0620_w21_qp_41
THEORY
2021
Paper 4, Variant 1
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The structures of four organic compounds, C, D, E and F, are shown. H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H H H C H H C H H C H H H C H H H C H C O O H C D E F C C H H H H State which two of the compounds, C, D, E and F, are in the same homologous series. and ��������������������������������������������������������������� State which compound, C, D, E or F, is the monomer used to make poly. State which compound, C, D, E or F, is a carboxylic acid. Petroleum is a mixture of hydrocarbons, which can be separated into fractions. Describe how petroleum is separated into fractions to include: ● the name of the process used to separate the fractions ● how this process separates the different fractions.  Complete the table to show the name and uses of some petroleum fractions. name of fraction use of fraction naphtha diesel oil (gas oil) making roads  
0620_s22_qp_32
THEORY
2022
Paper 3, Variant 2
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Carboxylicacids can be converted to esters. Name the ester formed when butanoicacid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, reacts with ethanol, CH3CH2OH. Identify the other product formed in this reaction. Deduce the empirical formula of the ester formed. PET is a polyester. Part of the structure of PET is shown in Fig.6.1. C O C O C O O O C O O O Circle one repeat unit of this polymer. Draw the structures of the monomers which make up PET. Draw the functional groups using displayed formulae.  State the type of polymerisation used in making PET. 
0620_s23_qp_42
THEORY
2023
Paper 4, Variant 2
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