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2.2. Thermal properties and temperature
A subsection of Physics, 0625, through 2. Thermal physics
Listing 10 of 622 questions
State what is meant by specific heat capacity. Water has a very high specific heat capacity. Suggest why this might be a disadvantage when using water for cooking. illustrates an experiment to measure the specific heat capacity of some metal. boiling water metal heater insulation lid thread water cup thermometer stirrer The piece of metal is heated in boiling water until it has reached the temperature of the water. It is then transferred rapidly to some water in a well-insulated cup. A very sensitive thermometer is used to measure the initial and final temperatures of the water in the cup. specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J / (kg K) The readings from the experiment are as follows. mass of metal = 0.050 kg mass of water in cup = 0.200 kg initial temperature of water in cup = 21.1 °C final temperature of water in cup = 22.9 °C Calculate the temperature rise of the water in the cup and the temperature fall of the piece of metal. temperature rise of water = temperature fall of metal = Calculate the thermal energy gained by the water in the cup. State the equation that you use. thermal energy gained = Assume that only the water gained thermal energy from the piece of metal. Making use of your answers to and , calculate the value of the specific heat capacity of the metal. Give your answer to 3 significant figures. specific heat capacity = Suggest one reason why the experiment might not have given a correct value for the specific heat capacity of the metal.
0625_w09_qp_31
THEORY
2009
Paper 3, Variant 1
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State what is meant by specific heat capacity. Water has a very high specific heat capacity. Suggest why this might be a disadvantage when using water for cooking. illustrates an experiment to measure the specific heat capacity of some metal. boiling water metal heater insulation lid thread water cup thermometer stirrer The piece of metal is heated in boiling water until it has reached the temperature of the water. It is then transferred rapidly to some water in a well-insulated cup. A very sensitive thermometer is used to measure the initial and final temperatures of the water in the cup. specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J / (kg K) The readings from the experiment are as follows. mass of metal = 0.050 kg mass of water in cup = 0.200 kg initial temperature of water in cup = 21.1 °C final temperature of water in cup = 22.9 °C Calculate the temperature rise of the water in the cup and the temperature fall of the piece of metal. temperature rise of water = temperature fall of metal = Calculate the thermal energy gained by the water in the cup. State the equation that you use. thermal energy gained = Assume that only the water gained thermal energy from the piece of metal. Making use of your answers to and , calculate the value of the specific heat capacity of the metal. Give your answer to 3 significant figures. specific heat capacity = Suggest one reason why the experiment might not have given a correct value for the specific heat capacity of the metal.
0625_w09_qp_32
THEORY
2009
Paper 3, Variant 2
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A student in a laboratory uses the apparatus shown in to determine the specific heat capacity of aluminium. to low voltage supply and measuring instruments electrical heater thermometer aluminium block The readings obtained in the experiment are given below. mass of aluminium block = 0.930 kg initial temperature of block = 13.1 °C final temperature of block = 41.3 °C electrical energy supplied = 23 800 J Define specific heat capacity. Use the readings above to calculate the specific heat capacity of aluminium. State the equation you use. specific heat capacity = Because the student knows it is good scientific practice to repeat readings, after a short time he carries out the experiment again, supplying the same quantity of electrical energy. This time the temperature readings are: initial temperature of block = 41.0 °C final temperature of block = 62.1 °C Use these figures to calculate a second value for the specific heat capacity of aluminium. specific heat capacity = The student did not make any mistakes when taking the readings. Suggest why the second value for the specific heat capacity of the aluminium is greater than the first. Suggest two ways of improving the experiment in order to give as accurate a result as possible. 1. 2.
0625_w10_qp_31
THEORY
2010
Paper 3, Variant 1
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Define specific heat capacity. Solar energy is striking the steel deck of a ship. Describe how the colour of the deck affects the absorption of the solar energy. The solar energy strikes the deck at the rate of 1400 W on every square metre. The steel plate of the deck is 0.010 m thick. Steel has a density of 7800 kg / m3 and a specific heat capacity of 450 J / (kg °C). 13% of the solar energy striking the deck is absorbed and the rest is reflected. Using these figures, calculate 1. how many joules of solar energy are absorbed by 1.0 m2 of the deck in 1.0 s, number of joules = 2. the mass of 1.0 m2 of deck, mass = 3. the rate of rise in temperature of the deck, stating the equation you use. rate of rise = °C / s
0625_w10_qp_33
THEORY
2010
Paper 3, Variant 3
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In the space below, draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus you would use to measure the specific heat capacity of a liquid. If you choose an electrical method, you must include the circuit. List the quantities you would need to measure, or previously know, in order to calculate the specific heat capacity of the liquid. Some sea water has a specific heat capacity of 3900 J / (kg °C) and a boiling point of 100.6 °C. Calculate the energy required to raise the temperature of 0.800 kg of this sea water from 12.0 °C up to its boiling point. State the equation that you use. energy = The energy to raise the temperature in is supplied at the rate of 620 W. Calculate the time taken to raise the sea water to its boiling point. time =
0625_w11_qp_33
THEORY
2011
Paper 3, Variant 3
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Questions Discovered
622