15.1. Halogenoalkanes
A subsection of Chemistry, 9701, through 15. Halogen compounds
Listing 10 of 284 questions
Explain why phenol is brominated much more easily than benzene is brominated. Iodine monobromide, I–Br, reacts with benzene in the presence of an Al Br3 catalyst. Predict whether the organic product will be bromobenzene or iodobenzene. Explain your answer. shows some reactions of phenol. OH OH OH N N O2N Q R reaction 1 reaction 2 excess Br2NaGive an equation for the reaction of phenol with Na. Draw the structure of the organic product, R, formed when phenol reacts with an excess of Br2. State the reagents and conditions for reaction 1 and reaction 2 in . reaction 1 reaction 2
9701_s23_qp_42
THEORY
2023
Paper 4, Variant 2
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NH3reacts with HCl to produce NH4Cl , as shown. NH3+ HCl NH4Cl Draw a diagram to show the ionic, covalent and coordinate bonding present in a formula unit of NH4Cl . An exothermic reaction occurs when NH4 +is added to OH–. Identify the type of reaction. Construct an ionic equation for the reaction of NH4 + and OH–. Substitution reactions of NH3 and OH– with halogenoalkanes both involve a lone pair of electrons. Name the role of NH3 and OH– in these reactions. Suggest which species, NH3 or OH–, is more reactive during these reactions. Explain your answer. When 2-bromo-2-methylpropane reacts with OH–, two mechanisms, SN1 and SN2, both occur. The SN2 mechanism has a slower rate. shows the reaction pathway diagram for the SN1 mechanism. Sketch a graph on to show the reaction pathway for the SN2 mechanism. intermediate reactants progress of reaction products energy / kJ mol-1 Complete to show the mechanism for the SN1 reaction that occurs when CH3CHBrC2H5 reacts with NH3 to produce CH3CH(NH2)C2H5. Include charges, dipoles, lone pairs of electrons and curly arrows, as appropriate. Br C2H5 C2H5 C H CH3 C2H5 C+ H CH3 H C N+ H H CH3 H H2N C2H5 C H CH3 Identify the inorganic product that forms in the reaction in . Give the systematic name for the organic product CH3CH(NH2)C2H5. Complete Table 4.1 by drawing the structural formula of the intermediate that is formed when 2-bromo-2-methylpropane reacts in an SN1 reaction. Table 4.1 2-bromobutane 2-bromo-2-methylpropane structural formula of intermediate in SN1 reaction C2H5 C+ H CH3 Identify the halogenoalkane in Table 4.1 that has the greater tendency to react using the SN1 mechanism. Explain your answer.
9701_s24_qp_23
THEORY
2024
Paper 2, Variant 3
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