15.1. Halogenoalkanes
A subsection of Chemistry, 9701, through 15. Halogen compounds
Listing 10 of 284 questions
Fig.5.1 shows three reactions of 2-bromopropane, CH3CH(Br)CH3. CH3CH(Br)CH3 CH3CH(NH2)CH3 CH3CH(OH)CH3 H2C=CHCH3 reaction 1 reaction 3 reaction 2 Complete Table5.1 for each reaction, by: ● stating the reagent and conditions used ● identifying the type of reaction that occurs. Table 5.1 reaction reagent and conditions type of reaction  A sample of 2-iodopropane, CH3CH(CH3, reacts under the same conditions as reaction1 to produce CH3CH(OH)CH3. Explain why 2-iodopropane reacts at a faster rate than 2-bromopropane. Fig.5.2 shows how butan-1-ol can be made from 1-bromopropane in three steps. Br step 1 step 2 step 3 N HO HO O In step1, 1-bromopropane reacts with CN– to form butanenitrile. Complete Fig.5.3 to show the mechanism for step1. Include charges, dipoles, lone pairs of electrons and curly arrows as appropriate. H C H H C H H C H H Br H C H H C H H C H H C N C– N Br –  In step2, butanenitrile is heated with HCl . A hydrolysis reaction occurs. Construct an equation for the reaction in step2. Step3 is a reduction reaction. Construct an equation for the reduction reaction in step3. Use to represent one atom of hydrogen from the reducing agent. State the identity of a suitable reducing agent in step3. 
9701_s22_qp_22
THEORY
2022
Paper 2, Variant 2
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2-methylpropene reacts with HCl at room temperature. The major organic product is 2-chloro-2-methylpropane. Complete Fig. 4.1 to show the structure of the intermediate and mechanism for this reaction. Include charges, dipoles, lone pairs of electrons and curly arrows as appropriate. C C H H H Cl Cl C H3C H3C CH3 CH3 H3C  Explain why, in this reaction, 2-chloro-2-methylpropane is produced at a higher yield than 1-chloro-2-methylpropane. Two bottles labelled Q and M each contain a straight-chain halogenoalkane with molecular formula C4H9X, where X represents Cl, Br or I. A sample from each bottle is added to separate samples of equal amounts of aqueous silvernitrate in ethanol. In each reaction, the same organic product, T, and a precipitate are made, as shown in Fig.4.2. Q T M AgNO3in ethanol AgNO3in ethanol Table4.1 describes the colour of each of the precipitates made. Table 4.1 halogenoalkane added to AgNO3in ethanol colour of precipitate Q white M yellow Identify the functional group present in T and name the type of reaction that occurs using the information in Fig.4.2 and Table4.1. functional group in T type of reaction  Construct an ionic equation to describe the formation of the yellow precipitate produced when M reacts with AgNO3in ethanol. Describe which reagent, Q or M, will produce a precipitate more quickly when each is added to AgNO3in ethanol. Explain your answer. reagent  When pure T is added to alkaline I2, a yellow precipitate and an anion, L, are made. Identify the anion L. Deduce the structure of the straight-chain halogenoalkane M.  
9701_s22_qp_23
THEORY
2022
Paper 2, Variant 3
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