18. Carboxylic acids and derivatives
A section of Chemistry, 9701
Listing 10 of 202 questions
Compare the relative acidities of benzoic acid (C6H5COOH), phenylmethanol (C6H5CH2OH), and phenol (C6H5OH). Explain your reasoning. > > most acidic least acidic  A series of nine separate experiments is carried out as shown in Table5.1. Complete the table by placing a tick (✓) in the relevant box if a reaction occurs. Place a cross (✗) in the box if no reaction occurs. Table 5.1 benzoic acid phenylmethanol phenol NaNaOHNa2CO3 Benzoyl chloride, C6H5COCl, can be synthesised by the reaction of benzoic acid with either PCl 5 or SOCl 2. Complete the equations for these reactions. reaction 1 C6H5COOH + PCl 5 → C6H5COCl + + reaction 2 C6H5COOH + SOCl 2 → C6H5COCl + +  Use your answer to to suggest why it is easier to isolate, in a pure form, the C6H5COCl from reaction2 compared to reaction1. Benzoyl chloride is hydrolysed by water at room temperature to form benzoic acid. Complete the diagram to show the mechanism for the reaction between C6H5COCl and H2O. Include charges, dipoles, lone pairs of electrons and curly arrows as appropriate. Cl products C O H2O  Name the type of mechanism you showed in . Acyl chlorides react with sodium carboxylates to form acid anhydrides as shown in Fig.5.1. C + O acyl chloride R Cl C + NaCl O acid anhydride O R' R C O C O sodium carboxylate R' ONa The condensation polymers, polyanhydride and polyester, are formed by similar methods. The repeat unit for a polyanhydride is shown in Fig.5.2. polyanhydride C O O CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 O O C O O C O C O Use Fig.5.1 and Fig.5.2 to suggest the structures of the two monomers used to make this polyanhydride.  Polyanhydrides are biodegradable polymers. Suggest how this polyanhydride can be degraded. 
9701_s22_qp_41
THEORY
2022
Paper 4, Variant 1
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Compare the relative acidities of benzoic acid (C6H5COOH), phenylmethanol (C6H5CH2OH), and phenol (C6H5OH). Explain your reasoning. > > most acidic least acidic  A series of nine separate experiments is carried out as shown in Table5.1. Complete the table by placing a tick (✓) in the relevant box if a reaction occurs. Place a cross (✗) in the box if no reaction occurs. Table 5.1 benzoic acid phenylmethanol phenol NaNaOHNa2CO3 Benzoyl chloride, C6H5COCl, can be synthesised by the reaction of benzoic acid with either PCl 5 or SOCl 2. Complete the equations for these reactions. reaction 1 C6H5COOH + PCl 5 → C6H5COCl + + reaction 2 C6H5COOH + SOCl 2 → C6H5COCl + +  Use your answer to to suggest why it is easier to isolate, in a pure form, the C6H5COCl from reaction2 compared to reaction1. Benzoyl chloride is hydrolysed by water at room temperature to form benzoic acid. Complete the diagram to show the mechanism for the reaction between C6H5COCl and H2O. Include charges, dipoles, lone pairs of electrons and curly arrows as appropriate. Cl products C O H2O  Name the type of mechanism you showed in . Acyl chlorides react with sodium carboxylates to form acid anhydrides as shown in Fig.5.1. C + O acyl chloride R Cl C + NaCl O acid anhydride O R' R C O C O sodium carboxylate R' ONa The condensation polymers, polyanhydride and polyester, are formed by similar methods. The repeat unit for a polyanhydride is shown in Fig.5.2. polyanhydride C O O CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 O O C O O C O C O Use Fig.5.1 and Fig.5.2 to suggest the structures of the two monomers used to make this polyanhydride.  Polyanhydrides are biodegradable polymers. Suggest how this polyanhydride can be degraded. 
9701_s22_qp_43
THEORY
2022
Paper 4, Variant 3
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Questions Discovered
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