3.6. Intermolecular forces, electronegativity and bond properties
A subsection of Chemistry, 9701, through 3. Chemical bonding
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The structural formulae of water, methanol and methoxymethane, CH3OCH3, are given below. O H H O H3C H O H3C CH3 How many lone pairs of electrons are there around the oxygen atom in methoxymethane? Suggest the size of the C–O–C bond angle in methoxymethane. The physical properties of a covalent compound, such as its melting point, boiling point, vapour pressure, or solubility, are related to the strength of attractive forces between the molecules of that compound. These relatively weak attractive forces are called intermolecular forces. They differ in their strength and include the following. A interactions involving permanent dipoles B interactions involving temporary or induced dipoles C hydrogen bonds By using the letters A, B, or C, state the strongest intermolecular force present in each of the following compounds. For each compound, write the answer on the dotted line. ethanal CH3CHO ethanol CH3CH2OH methoxymethane CH3OCH3 2-methylpropane (CH3)2CHCH3 Methanol and water are completely soluble in each other. Which intermolecular force exists between methanol molecules and water molecules that makes these two liquids soluble in each other? Draw a diagram that clearly shows this intermolecular force. Your diagram should show any lone pairs or dipoles present on either molecule that you consider to be important. When equal volumes of ethoxyethane, C2H5OC2H5, and water are mixed, shaken, and then allowed to stand, two layers are formed. Suggest why ethoxyethane does not fully dissolve in water. Explain your answer.
9701_s08_qp_2
THEORY
2008
Paper 2, Variant 0
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