Explain how variables and constants should be used when creating and running a program.

2210_w23_qp_22

THEORY

2023

Paper 2, Variant 2

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A program uses both local variables and global variables. Describe two differences between local variables and global variables. Difference 1 Difference 2

2210_w23_qp_23

THEORY

2023

Paper 2, Variant 3

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Tick (ü) one box to show the name of the data structure used to store a collection of data of the same data type. A Array B Constant C Function D Variable

2210_s23_qp_21

THEORY

2023

Paper 2, Variant 1

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Four pseudocode descriptions and five pseudocode keywords are shown. Draw one line to link each pseudocode description to the most appropriate pseudocode keyword. Not all pseudocode keywords will be used. Pseudocode description Pseudocode keyword Give two reasons for storing data in a file. stores data in a file retrieves data from a file displays data on a screen enters data from a keyboard OUTPUT WRITE READ OPEN INPUT

2210_w23_qp_23

THEORY

2023

Paper 2, Variant 3

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Write the pseudocode statements to perform this task: • accept the input of a whole number from 1 to 4 inclusive • use a CASE statement to: ○ output the number (1 to 4 inclusive) that was entered ○ output the word “ERROR” if a 1 to 4 inclusive number was not entered.

2210_s24_qp_21

THEORY

2024

Paper 2, Variant 1

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The function LENGTH(Phrase) calculates the length of a string Phrase Write the pseudocode statements to: • store the string "The beginning is the most important part" in Phrase • calculate and output the length of the string • output the string in upper case. Write the output your pseudocode should produce.

2210_s23_qp_21

THEORY

2023

Paper 2, Variant 1

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Four descriptions of programming concepts and five programming concepts are shown. Draw one line to link each description to the most appropriate programming concept. Not all programming concepts will be used. Description Programming concept a subroutine that may not return a value function procedure parameter global variable local variable a value that is declared and used within a specific procedure a value that a procedure expects you to supply when it is called a subroutine that will always return a value Write the pseudocode to use a procedure named Average that passes the values 25 and 50 to the procedure. Outline the role of procedures and functions in creating a program that is easier to maintain.

2210_s24_qp_21

THEORY

2024

Paper 2, Variant 1

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Outline why it is useful to store data in a file. The function LENGTH(calculates the length of a string X Write the pseudocode statements to: • read the contents of the text file Quotation.txt into an appropriate string variable that has been declared • output the string in upper case and the length of the string.

2210_s24_qp_21

THEORY

2024

Paper 2, Variant 1

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The string operation SUBSTRING(Quote, Start, Number) returns a string from Quote beginning at position Start that is Number characters long. The first character in Quote is in position 1. Write pseudocode statements to: • store the string "Learning Never Exhausts The Mind" in Quote • extract and display the words "The Mind" from the string • output the original string in lower case.

2210_w23_qp_22

THEORY

2023

Paper 2, Variant 2

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The function LENGTH(calculates the length of a string X Write the pseudocode statements to: • allow a line of text to be input to an appropriate variable • store this line of text in a text file called Main.txt • calculate the length of the line of text and output the text in lower case along with its length • store the lower-case line of text in a text file called Lowercase.txt Make sure that any variables used are declared and that both text files are closed after they have been used.

2210_w24_qp_22

THEORY

2024

Paper 2, Variant 2

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